Hare Krsna,
In BG 14.4, Lord Krsna proclaims: It should be understood that all species of life, O son of Kuntī, are made possible by birth in this material nature, and that I am the seed-giving father.
In this verse, it is clearly explained that the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, is the original father of all living entities. All the appearances of living entities and various planetary systems are due to the mother, material nature, and Krsna’s seed-giving process. The living entities are combinations of the spiritual nature (Krsna as the father) and the material nature (as the mother).
Even in SB 3.10.7, Srila Prabhupada explains that the seeds of all the planets in the universe were impregnated in the lotus on which Brahmā was situated. All the planets were already generated by the Lord, and all the living entities were also born in Brahmā. The material world and the living entities were all already generated in seedling forms by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and Brahmā was to disseminate the same seedlings all over the universe.
Therefore, the real creation (Sarga) is done by the Supreme Lord in the seedling forms. Lord Brahma spreads the same seedlings all over the universe for full manifestation (visarga). An example can be taken of a farmer spreading the seeds on his cultivable land. We usually attribute the growth of food to the farmers. We call him the grower. This is true. We call him grower but not creator of food. The creator of the food is the Supreme Lord who provides the seeds for various foods, living entities, etc. The farmer just takes them and sows them on his field and thus the crops grow. Thus in this example, the Supreme Lord is the primary creator and this primary creation is called sarga. The farmer is the secondary creator and this secondary creation is called visarga. Similarly in the matter of creation of the universe, the real creation by the Supreme Lord is called sarga, and, later on, the manifestation by Brahmā is called visarga.
Lord Krsna has provided all the basic ingredients such as pradhana (material nature), mahat-tattva, and time element. In SB 2.5, we studied that the Supreme Lord’s glance on the sum total of material energy (maya) infuses it with time (kala), and destiny (karma) and nature (svabhava) of all the jivas, thereby agitating it. The agitated equilibrium state (pradhana) then produces mahat-tattva, a state which although has all the three modes, is predominantly of goodness and passion due to jnanan and kriya-saktis. This state further transforms into ahankara, which is predominantly in tamas, ignorance. This state produces 3 energies, called jnana-sakti, kriya-sakti and dravya-sakti. The dravya-sakti has the capacity to produce five gross elements. Kriya-sakti produces the senses. Jnana-sakti produces the sense devatas. At each level of transformation, the Lord’s energy in the form of time produces the subsequent state of transformation. In this way, the Supreme Lord engages in the process of sarga (primary creation).
I find the concept of time quite difficult to understand. In BG 11.32, Lord Krsna declares that He is mighty Time, the source of destruction that comes forth to annihilate the worlds. Time not only controls every aspect of our material existence, it also controls the material nature.
“The controlling time has different dimensions in relation to particular physical embodiments. There is a time for atomic dissolution and a time for the universal dissolution. There is a time for the annihilation of the body of the human being, and there is a time for the annihilation of the universal body. Also, growth, development and resultant actions all depend on the time factor. Vidura wanted to know in detail the different physical manifestations and their times of annihilation.”
In the material world everything is created, and everything is annihilated, and the duration of life between the creation and annihilation is temporary. The whole material existence is manifested by actions and reactions of elements which make the influence of time prominent in the matter of past, present and future. On the contrary, time is conspicuous by its absence in the spiritual world. In other words, everything in the transcendental world is everlasting, full of knowledge and bliss without deterioration. Since there is no deterioration, there is no past, present and future in the estimation of time. (based on SB 2.9.10 P)
But this same time is under the control of the Supreme Lord in His form of kala, or eternal time. Therefore, the only way we can be free from the clutches of inconceivable, incontrollable, and sometimes cruel, time factor is by fully surrendering unto the Supreme Lord Krsna.
All glories to Srila Prabhupada!
Krsna Katha 