SB 10.30.11-23: Phases of the Sancari-bhava called Unmada

Hare Kṛṣṇa

In four verses (19-22) Sri Sukadeva Gosvāmī describes how the gopis, who were totally absorbed in meditating upon and acting out Kṛṣṇa’s pastimes, came under the sway of the saṇcāri-bhāva known as unmāda. Thus they lost their own self-awareness and totally identified themselves with Kṛṣṇa, exclaiming, “I am Kṛṣṇa and walk around with My arm resting on the shoulders of Subala. Just see My graceful actions!” (SB 10.30.19: Sārārtha-darśini)

I am not very familiar with the various phases of sañcārī-bhāva, so I looked it up. Śrīla Bhaktivinoda Ṭhākura discusses this topic in detail in Jaiva Dharma. Below is a conversation in Chapter 27 entitled Rasa-Tattva.

*******************

Vrajanatha: Prabhu, we have understood vibhavaanubhava and sattvika-bhavas, as well as the difference between sattvika-bhava and anubhava. Now please describe the vyabhicari-bhavas.

Gosvami: There are thirty-three vyabhicari-bhavas. Vi means ‘distinctly’, abhi means ‘towards’, and cari means ‘moving’. These thirty-three bhavas are called vyabhicari because they move distinctly towards the sthayibhava. They are also called sancaribhavas, because they are communicated through words, limbs and sattva and thus travel (sancarita) throughout the system.  They are like waves in the nectar ocean of the sthayibhava, for they rise up, causing it to swell, and then they merge back into the ocean again.

     The thirty-three sancari-bhavas are: 1) regret or indifference (nirveda), 2) despair (visada), 3) humility (dainya), 4) physical and mental debility (glani), 5) fatigue (srama), 6) intoxication (mada), 7) pride (garva), 8) suspicion (sanka), 9) fear (trasa), 10) agitation (avega), 11) madness (unmada), 12) confusion or absence of mind (apasmrti), 13) disease (vyadhi), 14) fainting or delusion (moha), 15) death (mrtyu), 16) laziness (alasya), 17) inertness (jadya), 18) bashfulness (vrida), 19) concealment of emotions (avahittha), 20) remembrance (smrti), 21) deliberation or reasoning (vitarka), 22) anxiety (cinta), 23) resolve or wisdom (mati), 24) fortitude (dhrti), 25) jubilation (harsa), 26) ardent desire (autsukata), 27) ferocity (augrya), 28) impatience and indignation (amarsa), 29) envy (asuya), 30) restlessness (capalyam), 31) sleep (nidra), 32) deep sleep (supti), 33) awakening (bodha).

Some sancari-bhavas are independent (svatantra), and some are dependent (paratantra). There are two types of dependent sancari-bhavas: superior (vara) and inferior (avara). The superior category is also divided into two types, namely direct (saksat) and separated, or secondary (vyavahita). The independent sancari-bhavas are divided into three types: those that are devoid of rati (rati-sunya); subsequently contacting rati (ratianusparsana); and having a trace of rati (rati-gandha).

****

Therefore, as we can see in this chapter “the internal love of the gopis had developed to the stage of unmāda, madness. While in the midst of searching for Kṛṣṇa, each of the gopis thought “I should take the opportunity to make myself appear like Kṛṣṇa and act out His pastimes so as to give some momentary pleasure to myself and these distraught gopis too.” !” (SB 10.30.14: Sārārtha-darśini)

These are highly elevated and deeply esoteric topics, far beyond the range of my experience or understanding. It is therefore best not to overanalyze them through my limited material intellect. Rather, I should try to grasp their essence—which, for me, lies in the gopīs’ complete absorption in Kṛṣṇa.

For a sādhaka like me, such single-minded absorption—by the causeless mercy of the Lord and His devotees—may gradually lead to the stage of bhāva. Only then will one become qualified to truly understand and experience the various stages and post-stages of sthāyi-bhāva.

The path to that stage lies in offenseless chanting the Holy Name of the Lord, for within that Name rests Kṛṣṇa-prema in its seedlike essence.

All glories to Srila Prabhupada!

Leave a comment